MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA IN DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES (URINE AND PUS) IN NATIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE AND TEACHING HOSPITAL BIRGUNJ 

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted in National Medical College and Teaching
Hospital, Birgunj to study of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria in different clinical
samples (urine and pus). Altogether 281 clinical samples were investigated, where 227
were urine samples and 54 were pus samples during the working period from March to
September, 2010. A total of 76 (33.4%) urine samples and 37 (68.5%) pus samples were
found to be positive..Analysis of the sample showed that UTI (urinary tract infection)
was more common in females as compared to male. It was found that 19 (65%) E.coli
were multidrug resistant out of 49 isolates isolated from 281 samples (including Urine,
Pus,), 9 (54.5%) Staphylococcus aureus were multidrug resistant out of 34 isolates.
Similarly 5 (94.4%) Klebsiella pneumonia out of 11 isolates, 2 (58.3%) Pseudomonas
aeruginosa out of 7 isolates, 1(50%) Enterococcus faecalis out of 2 isolates were
multidrug resistant. The sensitivity pattern showed that, these multidrug-resistant gram
positive isolates were cent percent sensitive to Ofloxacin, Vancomycin, Ciprofloxacin
and cent percent resistant to Nitrofurantoin (urine). These isolates were 90% resistant to
Norfloxacin, 80% resistant to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin, 70% resistant to
Chloramphenicol, 60% resistant to Cefotaxime, Erythromycin,and Ceftazidine 50%
resistant to Tetracycline and 40% resistant to Gentamycin. The sensitivity pattern
showed that, these multidrug-resistant gram negative isolates were cent percent resistant
to Cotrimoxazole, Cefpodoxime, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin. These isolates were
92.3% resistant to Ciprofloxacin, 96.1% to Nalidixic acid 92.3% to Norfloxacin, 84.6%
to Chloramphenicol, 80.7% to Cefotaxime, 76.9% to Ceftazidine, 57.6% to Gentamycin,
53.8% to Nitrofurantoin, 11.5% to Amikacin and 7.6% to Ofloxacin. Susceptibility
pttern of antibiotics changing with time, so we can use Ofloxacin, which is cent percent
sensitive towards the Gram Positive and Gram Negative isolates from urine and pus
samples.